criminal law

IPC Section – 171F Punishment for Undue Influence or Personation at an Election 1. What is the Offence? This law penalizes two specific electoral offences: 2. Key Elements of the Offence 3. Punishment 4. Type of Offence 5. Purpose of the Law Summary of the Offence Offence Punishment Cognizable/Non-cognizable Bailable/Non-bailable Court Undue influence or personation at an election Up to…

IPC Section – 171 E Punishment for Bribery (BNS-173) 1. What is Bribery? Bribery refers to the act of offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting something of value to influence the actions of an individual, particularly someone in a position of authority. It is an illegal act aimed at gaining undue advantage or favor. 2. Key Elements of Bribery 3. Punishment 4. Purpose of the Law Summary…

IPC Section – 171 D Personation at Elections 1. What is Personation? Personation is a form of electoral fraud where a person: 2. Key Elements of Personation a. Specific Acts Constituting Personation b. Exemption for Proxy Voting 3. Purpose of the Law Summary of Personation Offence Key Points Personation Voting or attempting to vote by pretending to be someone else…

IPC Section – 171 B 1. What is Undue Influence? Undue influence occurs when someone voluntarily interferes or attempts to interfere with the free exercise of electoral rights, such as voting or standing for election. 2. Key Elements of Undue Influence a. Interference with Electoral Rights (Section 171(1)) b. Specific Actions Constituting Undue Influence (Section 171(2)) c. What is NOT Undue Influence…

IPC Section – 171 B Bribery (BNS-170) 1. What is Bribery? Bribery refers to the act of giving or receiving gratification (money, gifts, services, or other benefits) to influence someone’s electoral rights or to reward them for exercising such rights. 2. Key Elements of Bribery a. Giving a Bribe (Section 170(1)(i)) b. Receiving a Bribe (Section 170(1)(ii)) c. Deeming Provisions 3. Exception to Bribery…

IPC Section – 171 A Definitions of “Candidate” and “Electoral Right” 1. Purpose of the Section This section provides definitions of key terms related to elections, which are used within this chapter of the Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS). It clarifies the meaning of: 2. Definition of Candidate (Section 169(a)) 3. Definition of Electoral Right (Section 169(b)) Summary of Definitions Term Definition…

IPC Section – 140 Wearing Garb or Carrying Token Used by Soldier, Sailor, or Airman 1. What is the Offence? This law criminalizes the act of wearing a uniform or carrying a token resembling those used by a soldier, sailor, or airman in the Army, Navy, or Air Force of the Government of India, with the intention of making others believe that the person is a…

IPC Section – 139 Persons subject to certain Acts.No person subject to the Airforce Act, Army Act and Navy Act or shall be subject to punishment under this Sanhita for the offences defined in this chapter. Exemption for Armed Forces Personnel 1. What is the Provision? This section provides an exemption for individuals subject to military laws, specifically…

IPC Section – 138 Abetment of Act of Insubordination by Soldier, Sailor, or Airman 1. What is the Offence? This law criminalizes the act of abetting (encouraging, supporting, or assisting) an officer, soldier, sailor, or airman in the Army, Navy, or Air Force of the Government of India to commit an act of insubordination. 2. Key Elements of the Offence 3. Punishment 4. Type of Offence…

IPC Section – 137 Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master. Deserter Concealed on Board Merchant Vessel Through Negligence of Master (BNS-165) 1. What is the Offence? This law holds the master or person in charge of a merchant vessel accountable if a deserter from the Army, Navy, or Air Force is concealed on board, even if…