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We find that neither of the two decisions have addressed the real issue and cannot be said to be laying down the correct law. The observation in Md. Mohar Ali (supra) stating that an agreement of sale is an unilateral contract is not correct. An unilateral contract refers to a gratuitous promise where only party…
Supreme Court: In an application filed by the State of Haryana seeking modification of the order dated 21-01-2025, passed by the Supreme Court, the Court had directed all States and Union Territories to issue Standing Orders to their respective police departments mandating that notices under Section 41-A of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (‘CrPC’), or…
The concept of consent is a cornerstone of criminal jurisprudence, especially in cases involving sexual offences. The Indian Penal Code (IPC) and its jurisprudence place immense importance on free, informed, and voluntary consent. However, complexities arise when alleged consent is given under coercion, deception, or within the framework of an illegal contract, such as surrogacy…
The Kerala High Court recently passed a judgment declaring that debt created by a cash transaction above Rupees Twenty Thousand in violation of the Income Tax (IT) Act, 1961 cannot be considered as a legally enforceable debt unless there is a valid explanation for the same. Justice P.V. Kunhikrishnan clarified that even so, a person…
The Association of Democratic Reforms (ADR) has apprised the Supreme Court that the Election Commission of India (ECI) failed to provide any valid reason for the exclusion of Aadhaar and ration cards from the list of acceptable documents in the ongoing Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls in Bihar. The NGO made the submission…
INTRODUCTION The Hon’ble Delhi High Court has recently held in Belvedere Resources DMCC v. OCL Iron and Steel Ltd. & Ors. (O.M.P.(I) (COMM.) 397/2024, CRL.M.A. 9760/2025, I.A. 2377- 78/2025) that WhatsApp or email communications between the parties can constitute a valid arbitration agreement. This highlights a critical and developing theme of arbitration law in India:…
